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2020年8月12日 · Game theory is best exemplified by a classic hypothetical situation called the Prisoners' Dilemma. In this scenario, two people are arrested for stealing a car. They will each serve 2 years in prison for their crime. The case is air-tight, but the police have reason to suspect that the two prisoners are also responsible for a recent string of ...
2021年1月9日 · The definition of the invisible hand comes from the writings of economist and philosopher Adam Smith. In The Theory of Moral Sentiments, Smith discussed an unseen force that naturally guided the flow of a free and open market. These ideas were later expounded upon in Smith’s most important book, The Wealth of Nations.
2019年10月1日 · How Does Collusion Work? For example, let’s assume that there are four major cable providers in the U.S. The four companies meet secretly and agree not to compete with one another for customers in certain geographic areas of the country. To accomplish this, they agree on which of the four providers will 'get' each territory by offering the ...
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2020年8月12日 · The random walk theory states that market and securities prices are random and not influenced by past events. The idea is also referred to as the 'weak form efficient-market hypothesis.'. Princeton economics professor Burton G. Malkiel coined the term in his 1973 book A Random Walk Down Wall Street.
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2020年9月29日 · Zero-sum games have a bigger purpose in the markets, however; they provide a lot of liquidity to the futures market and help companies find a way to stabilize their prices and thus their operations and financial performance. In finance, a zero-sum game refers to trades or investments in which one investor gains when another investor loses.
2019年10月1日 · Expectations theories are predicated upon the idea that investors believe forward rates, as reflected (and some would say predicted) by future contracts are indicative of future short-term interest rates. For example, if 3 months from today you want to buy a 6-month T-bill, you would look at the forward rate on the 6-month T-bill to see what ...
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2019年10月1日 · Market timing can also be referred to as tactical asset allocation or active investing. Let's assume you have $100,000 to invest. Based on your circumstances, risk aversion, goals, and tax situation, you put $50,000 of the money in stocks, $30,000 in bonds, $10,000 in real estate, and $10,000 in cash. The market timer seeks to sell at the 'top ...
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2020年9月29日 · The odd-lot theory is not just a theory about buy and sell signals. It is a theory about the sophistication and behavior of individual investors. Interestingly, the data supporting the odd-lot theory is controversial and in some cases unsupportive. The odd-lot theory states that an increase in odd lot activity is a buy signal in a market.
2019年7月12日 · The quantity theory of money (sometimes called QTM) says that prices rise when there is more money in an economy and they fall when there is less money in an economy. The following formula expresses the theory: M x V = P x T. Where M = the money supply. V = the velocity of money. P = average prices. T = number of transactions in the economy.
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2020年9月29日 · Dow Theory divergence is fully explained in the idea that 'the two averages must confirm.'. In Dow's time, the two averages were the Industrials and the Rails. The logic behind the theory is simple: Industrial companies manufactured the goods and the rails shipped them. When one average recorded a new secondary or intermediate high, the other ...
