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4 天前 · Botulinum toxin, or botulinum neurotoxin (commonly called botox), is a highly potent neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and related species.[23] It prevents the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine from axon endings at the neuromuscular junction, thus causing flaccid paralysis.[24] The toxin causes the ...
4 天前 · Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, often pronounced / ˈmɜːrsə / or / ɛm ɑːr ɛs eɪ / ), is one of a number of greatly feared strains of S. aureus which have become resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics. For this reason, vancomycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic, is commonly used to combat MRSA.
2024年5月29日 · Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA; conjugate base perfluorooctanoate; also known colloquially as C8, for its 8-carbon chain structure) is a perfluorinated carboxylic acid produced and used worldwide as an industrial surfactant in chemical processes and as a material feedstock. PFOA is considered a surfactant, or fluorosurfactant, due to its ...
2 天前 · Bacteria (/ b æ k ˈ t ɪər i ə / ; sg.: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell.They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms.Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats.
1 天前 · CRISPR (/ ˈ k r ɪ s p ər /) (an acronym for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) is a family of DNA sequences found in the genomes of prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria and archaea. These sequences are derived from DNA fragments of bacteriophages that had previously infected the prokaryote. ...
2 天前 · Tuberculosis ( TB ), also known colloquially as the " white death ", or historically as consumption, [7] is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. [1] Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. [1] Most infections show no symptoms, in which case it is ...
4 天前 · Penicillins ( P, PCN or PEN) are a group of β-lactam antibiotics originally obtained from Penicillium moulds, principally P. chrysogenum and P. rubens. Most penicillins in clinical use are synthesised by P. chrysogenum using deep tank fermentation [2] and then purified. [3] [4] A number of natural penicillins have been discovered, but only two ...
