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  1. Potential breastfeeding determinants categorized into six aspects were measured: (1) infant health, (2) maternal sociodemographic characteristics, (3) maternal health, (4) breastfeeding support from family, friends, and workplace, (5) social support for breastfeeding, and (6) maternal breastfeeding experiences and knowledge.

  2. The journal addresses all of these aspects, including identifying women who are at increased risk of not breastfeeding; the impediments to breastfeeding and the health effects of not breastfeeding for infants and their mothers; interventions to increase breastfeeding initiation and duration; and the management of breastfeeding problems.

    • Sampling
    • Data Collection
    • Postnatal Mental Health
    • Breastfeeding Beliefs
    • Breastfeeding Practices
    • Demographic Characteristics
    • Statistical Analysis

    The study sample was drawn from the baseline sample of an interventional study assessing the impacts of a community health worker program on the health and nutrition of pregnant women, new mothers, and infants. The sampling strategy for this study was determined by power requirements to detect impacts of the intervention on infant hemoglobin concen...

    Data were collected from November to December 2019 by trained survey enumerators. During the training, enumerators were taught how to implement the survey instruments for each of the study’s main components. Once the training was completed, enumerators conducted one-on-one survey interviews at each sampled household. The survey collected data on po...

    To measure the mental health of sample mothers, the research team used the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). This is a 21-item short-form version of the DASS-42 that was originally created by Lovibond and Lovibond . The DASS-21 scale has been validated in China [30, 31]. To complete the DASS-21, enumerators asked mothers to rank e...

    Two measures for breastfeeding beliefs were collected: breastfeeding attitudes and breastfeeding self-efficacy. To measure breastfeeding attitudes, enumerators administered the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale , which has been used in Turkey , Ethiopia , the United Kingdom , Russia , and the United States . It has also been validated in China . B...

    Breastfeeding practices were determined through a 24-h dietary recall questionnaire, in which enumerators asked mothers to list all the foods and liquids they fed their infant in the last 24 h. Based on this data, mothers were then divided into two feeding categories: exclusive breastfeeding and non-exclusive breastfeeding. As defined by the WHO, e...

    Data on demographic characteristics of each sample family and infant were also collected by enumerators. Family characteristics included mother’s age, mother’s and father’s education levels, and family yearly income. Demographic characteristics of the infant were collected from the birth certificate, and included the infant’s gender, age in months,...

    The statistical analysis for the study is composed of four parts. First, the research team calculated the overall prevalence of maternal depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, as well as the overall prevalence of breastfeeding outcomes, which include breastfeeding practice and beliefs. Second, an adjusted ordinary least squares (OLS) regression ...

  3. 2023年11月6日 · Data on knowledge of health and nutrition, breastfeeding practices, breastfeeding family support, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and conflict frequency were collected via structured questionnaires from 372 caregiver-infant pairs.

  4. 2007年9月20日 · 11 Citations. Metrics. Abstract. Background. Peer counselling is reported to increase breastfeeding rates. We evaluated an intervention consisting of mainly telephone contact peer counselling programme on breastfeeding duration and exclusivity. Methods.

  5. 2023年8月23日 · Breast milk has been the preferred enteral feeding option for extremely low and very low birth weight infants (infants with birth weight less than 1000 and 1500 g respectively), because of the protective function against infection and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) [ 2 ].

  6. 2019年11月1日 · Results. Mothers of preterm infants reported physically and mentally challenging breastfeeding experiences during the period they were separated from their babies. They viewed expressing breast milk as integral to their maternal role, even though some found expressing breastmilk exhausting.

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