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Monetary History of the World. 700-550BC. By Martin A. Armstrong. Only since about 700 B.C. do we find a consistent record of the monetary system of the world. The credit for the creation of an official coinage system belongs to the Ionians or Lydians within the Greek Empire of Asia Minor – modern day Turkey.
China Tea Brick Money | Armstrong Economics. Spread the love. Many have heard the saying: “I wouldn’t go there or do something for all the tea in China.” While some assumed this referred to some huge quantity, it actually stems back in time to a value similar to gold or metal used for money.
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1 天前 · Market Talk – June 7, 2024. ASIA: The major Asian stock markets had a mixed day today: NIKKEI 225 decreased 19.58 points or -0.05% to 38,683.93 Shanghai increased 2.48 points or 0.08%...
- Emperor of The West Son of Valentinian I
- Monetary System
- Monetary Reform
- Denominations
Flavius Gratianus was the son of Valentinian I by his first wife, Severa. He was raised to Augustus at eight (367 AD). Following the disastrous battle of Hadrianopolis, in which Valens lost his life, Gratian became the senior Emperor of the West along with his 4-year-old brother Valentinian II. At the time, Gratian, the nephew of Valens, was ninete...
Silver Miliarense Mints:Alexandria, Antioch, Arelate, Aquileia, Constantinople, Cyzicus, Heraclea, Lugdunum, Rome, Siscia, Sirmium, Thessalonica Obverse Legends: D N GRATIANVS P F AVG
Gratian introduced reform to the bronze coinage around 379 AD. In addition to Valentinian I’s AE3 denomination, Gratian introduced its double, the AE2, and its half denomination, the AE4. The average weights were thus AE2 4.5, AE3 2.3, and AE4 1.49, which closely resembled the weight standards used in the silver coinage from the Miliarense, the Sil...
AU 1 1/5 Solidus (Festaureus) AU Solidus (4.50 grams) AU Semissis (2.25 grams) AU 1½ Scripulum (1.65 grams) AR Miliarense (4.50 grams) AR 1½ Siliqua (3.45 grams) AR Siliqua (2.25 grams) AR 3/4 Siliqua (1.70 grams) AR 1/2 Siliqua (1.12 grams) AE1(restored follis) AE2 AE3 AE4
Cleopatra VII was the eldest surviving daughter of Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos (Auletes=”flute player”) and Cleopatra VI. Her father was the son of the popular Ptolemy IX and his Greek Alexandrian concubine. Ptolemy XII was a weak and feable man who had fled to the court of Mithradates VI of Pontos following his father’s death.
The Monetary History of the Roman Republic. Spread the love. By Martin A. Armstrong. It is told that Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus in about 753 BC. Roman tradition held that the first Romans migrated to Italy following the fall of Troy. If so, the Romans would appear to have lost most of their culture and artistic skills.
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