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  1. Munsittikul et al. International Breastfeeding Journal Page 2 of 9Background Breastfeeding problems that cause maternal pain, such as breast engorgement, plugged milk duct, and mastitis, are important causes of premature breastfeeding ces-sation [21].

    • Flow of Participants Through The Study
    • Participant Demographics
    • Primary Outcome

    A total of 537 valid email addresses of physiotherapists who could potentially meet eligibility criteria, were sourced from systematic nationwide recruitment strategies, and were sent the online link. Two reminder emails and one repeat social media post containing the online link were performed to maximise response rates, resulting in a total of 81...

    Most physiotherapists were located in Victoria, WA and NSW, had post-graduate qualifications, worked in private practice and had more than 2 years’ experience treating women with an ICLB (Table 2).

    Physiotherapists’ definition of ICLB

    Physiotherapists (n = 63) provided a variety of definitions for ICLB. The themes and supporting quotes are summarised in Table 3. The main subthemes identified included local breast clinical symptoms, combination of local and systemic clinical symptoms, pathophysiology/cause, discrete breast conditions, and altered breast function (Additional file 2). Theme 1: The clinical definition of ICLB varies among physiotherapists. Subtheme 1.1: The definition of ICLB was based on the presence of local...

    Physiotherapists’ diagnosis of ICLB

    Physiotherapists (n = 39) provided a variety of combinations of clinical symptoms important for the diagnosis of ICLB. The themes and supporting quotes are summarised in Table 3. The main subthemes identified included local clinical symptoms and local and systemic clinical symptoms (Table 3). For these subthemes, generated themes included type and number of symptoms (Additional file 2). Theme 2: The diagnosis of ICLB is based on the patient’s presenting symptoms but there is no consensus on t...

    Regional and facility differences

    There was consistency in the variety of qualitative themes identified across regions. Quantitative data only revealed a significant difference (N = 58, χ2 = 6.49, p = 0.04) between physiotherapists from different regions for whether or not blocked ducts were considered an ICLB. Physiotherapists from Victoria (n = 26; 96%) were more likely to consider that blocked ducts are an ICLB, compared to NSW (n = 10; 71%) or WA (n= 12; 71%). No other differences between regions existed for the remaining...

    • Emma Heron, Tanya Maselli, Adelle McArdle, Beatriz I. R. de Oliveira, Leanda McKenna
    • 2020
  2. 2023年9月5日 · Commentary | International Breastfeeding Journal | Full Text. Review. Open access. Published: 05 September 2023. Does the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine’s Clinical Protocol #36 ‘The Mastitis Spectrum’ promote overtreatment and risk worsened outcomes for breastfeeding families? Commentary. Pamela Douglas.

  3. 2021年9月26日 · Background Body image concerns have been widely documented in the literature as one reason why most women shorten the breastfeeding duration of their infants. Negative body image concerns among breastfeeding mothers may lead to depressive symptoms. There is a paucity of literature on how body image affects the breastfeeding practices of nurses and midwives. Therefore, this study explored the ...

  4. 2019年6月11日 · Background Decisions about infant feeding are embedded and are continuously made within a woman’s social and cultural context. Despite the benefits of breastfeeding to both women and infants, and government policies and laws to protect and promote breastfeeding, breastfeeding in public remains a controversial issue. The purpose of this paper is to present findings from an Australian study ...

  5. Informational support, compared to emotional support, was a less important predictor of both breastfeed-ing duration and experience. Supportive emotional support with unhelpful or absent informational support was associated with the lowest hazard of breastfeeding cessation before 3 months. Results for breastfeeding experience followed similar ...

  6. 2016年5月14日 · Background Despite the efforts that have been made to promote breastfeeding in China since the 1990s, there is still a very low prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding. The objective of this study was to assess the current situation of infant feeding practices during the postpartum hospital stay in urban and rural areas of the Deyang region. Methods Cross-sectional sampling was used in two urban ...