搜尋結果
access to quality reproductive healthcare by all reproductive age women, regardless of their marriage status. Policy and indicators on sex education need to be carefully developed to fit the context in China. Keywords: Sexual and reproductive health, Sustainable development goals, Indicators, China.
2023年2月15日 · Background Contraceptive use is often a multi-decade experience for people who can become pregnant, yet few studies have assessed how this ongoing process impacts contraceptive decision-making in the context of the reproductive life course. Methods We conducted in-depth interviews assessing the contraceptive journeys of 33 reproductive-aged people who had previously received no-cost ...
- Instrument Development
- Validation of The Questionnaire
- Statistical Analysis
Stage 1: conceptual framework and indicators generation
The conceptual framework developed by Sørensen et al. in 2012 and World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2013 , was used in the present study, which consists of three health domains (health care, disease prevention, and health promotion) and four factors of ability to health information in each domain, including accessing, understanding, appraising, and applying. Based on this conceptual framework, a pool of 46 indicators including determinants of reproductive health in the physical and s...
Stage 2: questionnaire development
The final questionnaire was developed based on the 45 indicators. Firstly, in general, each indicator was directly transformed into one item and some indicators were converted into two items through discussion within the research group. Secondly, feedbacks from 4 experts with extensive professional experience were collected via email to modify the questionnaire. Thirdly, a total of 30 volunteers, including 10 public health professionals and 20 unmarried youth, were invited to complete the que...
Study participants and data collection
A cross-sectional survey was conducted with multi-stage sampling method in four districts in Shanghai from April to June 2017, including Huangpu District, Jiading District, Songjiang District and Pudong District of Shanghai. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) students of grade one and two in general public high schools; (2) undergraduate students in the first three years from general universities and junior colleges; (3) unmarried youth who have basic Chinese reading skills and been...
Item analysis
The measuring indicators used for item analysis included degree of difficulty, degree of discrimination, and internal consistency analysis. Items that were too simple, undistinguished and had no contribution to internal consistency were deleted. Accordingly, if the item met the following three conditions at the same time: degree of difficulty > 0.8; discrimination < 0.2; internal consistency became better after deleting the item; then the item was deleted. After item analysis, the degree of d...
Reliability and validity test
All the items in the reproductive health literacy questionnaire were divided into three parts for reliability and validity evaluation according to their first-level indicators: Health Care, Disease Prevention and Health Promotion . Reliability was measured by the internal consistency, split-half reliability and test–retest reliability . The internal consistency was measured with Cronbach’s α coefficient, and the split-half reliability was measured with the Guttman half-coefficient bet...
The returned questionnaires were entered into database by using Epidata 3.1, and the invalid questionnaires (the missing data in a questionnaire more than 20%) were deleted. The scores of each item in the reproductive health literacy questionnaire were calculated in Excel 2016 while reliability analyses and other parametric tests were computed in S...
2017年6月15日 · Background With increasing acceptance of premarital sex among young Chinese women, the rates of unintended pregnancies and induced abortions are becoming alarmingly high, suggesting the needs of educating women with adequate contraceptive knowledge and providing them with accessible contraceptive services. Previous studies have shown that knowledge and attitudes towards contraception could be ...
2018年5月21日 · Endometriosis is one of the major causes of economic burden and compromised quality of life in a very large percentage of Asian women. While it is perceived as a benign condition, recent research has shown that it may be a significant cause of infertility and metastatic cancer.
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2019年1月31日 · IUDs have been the most prevalent method of contraception in China since the 1950s [ 9 ]. Among the worldwide IUDs users, 92 million IUDs users (60%) are in China [ 10 ]. However, while IUDs is the major contraceptive method for parous women in China, use in unmarried women or nulliparas is markedly low (0%-3%) [ 11 ].
