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Plant anatomy or phytotomy is the general term for the study of the internal structure of plants. Originally, it included plant morphology, the description of the physical form and external structure of plants, but since the mid-20th century, plant anatomy has been considered a separate field referring only to internal plant structure.
16.1: Plant Anatomy 16.1.1: Plant Tissues 16.1.2: Roots 16.1.3: Stems 16.1.4: The Leaf 16.1.5: Arabidopsis Thaliana 16.2: Plant Physiology 16.2A: Xylem 16.2B: Phloem 16.2C: Transpiration 16.2D: Gas Exchange in Plants 16.2E: Photorespiration and C4 16.
Plant anatomy is the study of the tissue and cell structure of plant organs. The term anatomy, as applied to plants, generally deals with structures that are observed under a high-powered light microscope or electron microscope.
Vascular plants have two distinct organ systems: a shoot system, and a root system. The shoot system consists of two portions: the vegetative (non-reproductive) parts of the plant, such as the leaves and the stems, and the reproductive parts of the plant, which include flowers and fruits.
This page titled 16.1: Plant Anatomy is shared under a CC BY 3.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by John W. Kimball via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available
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The structure and functioning of plants, even that of massive 100-metre tall trees, is dependent on the structure of, and processes occurring in, microscopic cells. In this book we look at the major organelles in cells, the range of cell types in plants and how they are combined into tissues to create functioning leaves and other organs.
Plants are often perceived as less complex than animals, but much like animals, they are made up of organs and organ systems that perform specialized functions. The vast majority of plants have two organ systems: the shoot and root systems. Roots typically
