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  1. The journal addresses all of these aspects, including identifying women who are at increased risk of not breastfeeding; the impediments to breastfeeding and the health effects of not breastfeeding for infants and their mothers; interventions to increase breastfeeding initiation and duration; and the management of breastfeeding problems.

    • Study Selection
    • Quality of Studies
    • Factors Associated with Early Initiation of Breastfeeding
    • Barriers to Early Initiation of Breastfeeding
    • Barriers to Availability
    • Barriers to Accessibility
    • Barriers to Acceptability

    The search strategy retrieved 1723 studies. After applying the process of selection, summarised in Fig. 1, 25 studies were included for review. Scanning reference lists of reviewed articles did not produce additional results, suggesting that the search was comprehensive. Studies selected for review represented Bangladesh (four), India (eight), Mald...

    Based on the CASP criteria, both qualitative studies reviewed were of moderate quality owing to limitations in the research design, recruitment strategy and data analysis. Based on the EPHPP, none of the quantitative studies were high-quality ranking because all were moderately-weighted cross-sectional design. Eight studies were moderate quality, w...

    The factors associated with timely or early initiation of breastfeeding as revealed by the existing literature, according to the levels for analysis, are: geographical, socioeconomic, individual and health-specific. The results pertaining to factors are detailed below, and presented in summary in Fig. 2.

    The identified barriers to the early initiation of breastfeeding in South Asia have been synthesised as supply side and demand side barriers in terms of accessibility, availability and acceptability, as presented in Table 3.

    Lack of availability of information for correct knowledge and misperception on breastfeeding was reported as a barrier. Lack of knowledge on the importance of early initiation and the perception that water must be given to the newborn because breast milk alone will not sustain the baby were observed in Bangladesh . However, for the quantitative dat...

    Nine studies, eight of which were moderate quality grading [25, 26, 28–30, 35, 41, 43], reported barriers to accessing initiation of breastfeeding in terms of antenatal and postnatal check-up, home delivery, and delivery by non-skilled attendants. No or few antenatal appointments, home delivery, delivery assistance and practices and no post-natal c...

    Four weak [36, 39, 44, 45] and four moderate quality studies [41, 46–48] highlight traditional feeding practices as demand side barriers to acceptance of early initiation of breastfeeding in South Asia. Specifically, breastfeeding according to time of birth and advice of priest, use of prelacteal feeds and discarding colostrum, and influence of mot...

    • Indu Kumari Sharma, Abbey Byrne
    • 2016
  2. 2009年4月29日 · Using the clock face method images of the breast tissue are documented along eight radii (12.00, 1.30, 3.00, 4.30, 6.00, 7.30, 9.00 and 10.30 o'clock) of the breast. The images are taken sequentially along the particular axis from the base of the nipple to the outer portion of the breast until the glandular tissue is no longer visualized.

  3. 2006年8月31日 · Upon hospital discharge it is not unusual for mothers of preterm infants to continue to meet all or most of their infants' nutritional needs through bottle feedings of expressed breast milk (EBM) because of infants' physiological immaturity and maternal concerns with an inadequacy of milk supply. Although for some mothers the challenge of transitioning the infant to feeding at the breast may ...

  4. 2011年6月15日 · 8 Citations. 6 Altmetric. Metrics. Abstract. Clinicians, public health advisors, nutritionists and others have been attempting to increase breastfeeding rates for the last few decades, with varying degrees of success. We need social science researchers to help us understand the role of infant feeding in the family.

  5. 2017年7月27日 · Open access. Published: 27 July 2017. The effect of family policies and public health initiatives on breastfeeding initiation among 18 high-income countries: a qualitative comparative analysis research design. Amanda Marie Lubold. International Breastfeeding Journal 12, Article number: 34 ( 2017 ) Cite this article. 6678 Accesses. 14 Citations.

  6. 2011年1月31日 · Open access. Published: 31 January 2011. Different attitudes during breastfeeding consultations when infant formula was given: a phenomenographic approach. Sofia Zwedberg & Lars Naeslund. International Breastfeeding Journal 6, Article number: 1 ( 2011 ) Cite this article. 11k Accesses. 7 Citations. Metrics. Abstract. Background.

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