上海地鐵路線圖2018 相關
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2023年8月11日 · Background The World Health Organization and the government of China have made many efforts to improve breastfeeding practices. The evidence of breastfeeding practices over the past decade in China is limited. The current study aimed to describe the current prevalence, variation trends, and determinants of breastfeeding practices in China using data from the National Household Health Service ...
- Zeyu Li
- Data Source
- Participants
- Variables
- Data Analysis
Data from China’s National Health Services Surveys (NHSS) conducted in Jilin Province in 2008 and 2018 were analysed separately. The NHSS surveys in Jilin are an official data source of the Ministry of Health of China that monitors the trends in health needs and coverage. Jilin Province (27,120 km2) is situated in the central part of Northeast Chin...
Multistage stratified random cluster sampling procedures were used in each survey. As the primary sampling units for provincial representativeness, the 2008 and 2018 surveys sampled 13 and 12 counties, respectively. In each county, five townships (in rural areas) or streets (in urban areas) were randomly selected. Then, within each township / stree...
The outcome variables included early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding within the first six months, median duration of breastfeeding, continued breastfeeding at one year, and timely introduction of complementary foods. The definition of each indicator is detailed in Supplementary Table 1. Two indicators (i.e., timing of breastfee...
Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the participants and breastfeeding practices in 2008 and 2018, respectively. Chi-square tests were applied to assess the differences in the rates of early initiation of breastfeeding and timing of breastfeeding initiation between the two surveys. The median duration of breastfeedin...
2024年3月6日 · Background Breastfeeding has long-lasting effects on children’s cognition, behavioral, mental and physical health. Previous research shows parental characteristics (e.g., education, race/ethnicity, income level) are associated with breastfeeding initiation and duration. Further, research shows significant variation in access to community resources by race/ethnicity. It is unclear how ...
2019年5月9日 · Background The current situation of breastfeeding in China has been discussed in many articles, and a declining trend of breastfeeding duration has been confirmed. The associations between various socioeconomic, reproductive factors and breastfeeding duration have been discussed as well. However, there remains a lack of evidence on breastfeeding duration amongst different age groups. Methods ...
2021年8月23日 · Background Global evidence from the past 35 years confirmed the protective effect of breastfeeding and supported the guidance to protect, promote, and support breastfeeding practices, particularly in natural disaster and conflict settings. This study aimed to summarize the difficulties faced by disaster responders and mothers for optimal infant feeding during disasters in middle and high ...
2021年1月6日 · Background Emotional distress in mothers inhibits the let-down reflex, thus affecting breastfeeding self-efficacy. A breastfeeding mother may have to cope with both physical discomfort and psychological distress. However, literature on initiatives to improve breastfeeding rates has focused mainly on providing community-based peer support, or social policies. The aim of this review is to assess ...
2023年1月18日 · Background Approximately 80% of births in Taiwan occurred in Baby-Friendly accredited facilities, although the trend of exclusively breastfeeding infants until 6 months of age has stagnated in the last ten years. To guide breastfeeding promotion interventions during postnatal stays and encourage mothers to continue breastfeeding for the first 6 months, factors associated with breastfeeding ...
