降膽固醇飲食法 相關
廣告星級用家韋家雄大讚【草姬活心丸】降三高指數效果好，驗身報告回復健康水平。成分天然，信心保證. 最怕驗身報告 指數超標?血管塞住後果嚴重。香港醫護學會實證: 通血管，保心血管健康，降三高指數
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5 天前 · The Honourable Jonathan Wilkinson, Minister of Energy and Natural Resources, announced the first co-investment with the U.S. in two Canadian companies developing deposits of critical minerals — Fortune Minerals Limited located in the Northwest Territories and Lomiko Metals, Inc. in Quebec. The two ...
4 天前 · The Honourable Seamus O’Regan Jr., Minister of Labour and Seniors, on behalf of the Honourable Mark Holland, Canada’s Minister of Health, and the Honourable Tom Osborne, Newfoundland and Labrador’s Minister of Health and Community Services will make an important health care announcement. May ...
- On This Page
- Key Information
- Epidemiology
- Preparations Authorized For Use in Canada
- Efficacy and Effectiveness
- Recommendations For Use
- Vaccination of Specific Populations
- Administration Practices
- Storage Requirements
- Safety and Adverse Events
What
1. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a major cause of lower respiratory illness, particularly among infants, young children and older adults. 2. In Canada, RSV causes yearly outbreaks of respiratory tract disease, usually starting in late fall and running through to early spring. 3. Reinfections with RSV are common but illness is usually milder with subsequent infections. 4. At present there is no vaccine available in Canada to prevent RSV. The only means of prevention is tempora...
Who
1. PVZ should be offered to: 1.1. infants born at less than 30 weeks gestational age (wGA) and less than 6 months of age at onset of or during the RSV season 1.2. children less than 24 months of age with chronic lung disease (CLD) of prematurity who require ongoing oxygen therapy within the 6 months preceding or during the RSV season 1.3. infants less than 12 months of age at the onset of the RSV season with haemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (hsCHD) and 1.4. infants born a...
How
1. The first dose of PVZ should be given at the onset of the local RSV season. 2. A second dose of PVZ should follow at 21 to 28 days and the interval between subsequent doses is 28 to 35 days. 3. The usual maximum number of doses is four. 4. An additional dose should be given after cardiac bypass or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 5. An additional dose may be considered in remote northern areas where RSV outbreaks may continue longer than is usual elsewhere. 6. PVZ may be co-administere...
Disease distribution
RSV occurs worldwide, with virtually all children infected by age two. Globally, RSV is an important cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection and a major cause of hospital admissions in young children, for whom it has been estimated that RSV is associated with about 28% of all episodes of acute lower respiratory tract infections. In Canada, approximately 1% of all infants are hospitalized with RSV in their first year of life. In some remote communities, RSV hospitalization rates have...
SYNAGIS®(palivizumab) (PVZ), is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed to the RSV fusion protein). AstraZeneca Canada Inc.BEYFORTUSTM(nirsevimab) is a passive immunizing agent (human monoclonal antibody). AstraZeneca Canada Inc.PVZ has been evaluated only in children less than 2 years of age at risk of severe RSV infection. Among all infants at risk of severe RSV infection, PVZ prophylaxis is associated with risk reductions of approximately 38 to 86% for RSV-associated hospital admissions. In infants born at 32 weeks gestation or earlier PVZ has been shown to reduce the r...
Additional doses
An additional, or fifth, dose is recommended after surgery requiring cardiac bypass or at conclusion of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to maintain PVZ levels that may be decreased following these procedures. An additional, or fifth, dose may also be considered in remote northern areas where RSV outbreaks may continue longer than is usual elsewhere.
Outbreak control
PVZ should not routinely be used to prevent health care-associated RSV infections or to control RSV hospital outbreaks. It may be considered when all other measures to control an RSV outbreak in a NICU have failed.
Preterm infants without congenital heart disease or chronic lung disease of prematurity
PVZ is recommended for all infants born at less than 30 weeks gestation and aged less than 6 months at the onset of or during the RSV season. PVZ may be considered for infants born at 30 to less than 33 weeks gestation and aged less than 3 months at the onset of or during the RSV season if they are at high risk of exposure to RSV from day care attendance or presence of another preschool child or children in the home. PVZ is not recommended for healthy premature infants born at or after 33 wee...
Chronic lung disease of prematurity and other chronic lung disease
PVZ is recommended for all infants with CLD of prematurity (infants born at less than or equal to 32 weeks gestational age and with need for supplemental oxygen (O2) greater than 21% for at least the first 28 days after birth) who are less than 24 months of age at the onset of the RSV season and have required ongoing supplemental O2therapy or assisted ventilation in the 6 months prior to the onset of or during the RSV season. PVZ may be considered for infants less than 24 months of age with s...
Congenital heart disease and other chronic cardiopathy
PVZ should be offered to infants with hsCHD, as assessed by a paediatric cardiologist, who are less than one year of age at the onset of the RSV season. PVZ may be considered for infants less than one year of age at the onset of the RSV season who have haemodynamically significant chronic cardiopathy (as assessed by a paediatric cardiologist) of other etiology. PVZ may be considered for children 12 to 24 months of age at the onset of the RSV season if they are awaiting heart transplantation o...
Dose and route of administration
PVZ is given at a dose of 15 mg/kg of body weight by intramuscular injection. Refer to Vaccine administration practicesin Part 1 for additional information about pre-vaccination and post-vaccination counselling, vaccine preparation and administration technique and infection prevention and control.
Simultaneous administration with other vaccines
PVZ is a passive immunizing agent directed specifically against RSV. It does not interfere with the immune response to other vaccines. PVZ can be administered at the same time, at a separate site, as other immunization products. Refer to Blood products, human immunoglobulin and timing of immunizationin Part 1 for additional information.
PVZ is supplied as 50 mg/0.5 mL and 100 mg/1 mL single use vials for injection. It should be stored between 2° C and 8° C in its original container and must not be frozen. PVZ should be administered immediately after drawing the dose into the syringe. If an entire vial (50 mg or 100 mg) is not required for one child, the residual may be used for an...
Common and very common adverse events
The most common adverse events following administration of PVZ are injection site reactions, fever, nervousness or irritability, cough, rhinitis and diarrhea. In randomized control trials the rates of these common adverse events were similar for those receiving PVZ as for those receiving a placebo.
Uncommon, rare and very rare adverse events
Serious adverse events following administration of PVZ, mostly hypersensitivity reactions, are rare at 1.3 to 3.4 per 10,000 doses administered. Anaphylaxis occurs in approximately 1 per 1 million doses.
Other safety issues
Repeated injections of a humanized monoclonal antibody have raised concern for the development of immune mediated disease. However, studies have not shown an increased risk of autoimmune disease or atopy in children exposed to PVZ.
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